PCOS Kya Hai? Asbab, Alamat, Diagnosis Aur Ilaaj – Mukammal Urdu Guide

PCOS mein hormonal imbalance ka asar

PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) – Ek Mukammal Rehnuma

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome yaani PCOS ek hormonal imbalancing ka masla hai jo aaj kal ki bohat si khawateen ko mutasir kar raha hai. Is mein ovaries mein chhoti chhoti cysts ban jati hain jo hormone imbalance ka sabab banti hain. PCOS sirf aik gynecological masla nahi balkay yeh metabolic aur hormonal disease bhi hai jo infertility, weight gain, aur diabetes tak le ja sakti hai.

PCOS ki Alamat (Symptoms)

• Mahwari ka na hona ya beqaida hona
• Weight ka barhna (specially around the waist)
• Chehray ya jism par zyada baalon ka nikalna (hirsutism)
• Muhasay (acne) ka zyada hona
• Baal girna ya patlay hona (scalp hair thinning)
• Infertility ya conception mein masail
• Insulin resistance (jo diabetes ka risk barhata hai)

PCOS ke Asbaab (Causes)

PCOS ka exact sabab abhi tak mukammal taur par maloom nahi, magar kuch major factors yeh ho saktay hain:

• Hormonal imbalance: Androgens (male hormones) ka zyada hona jo ovulation ko roktay hain.
• Insulin resistance: Jis ki wajah se sugar metabolism disturb hota hai aur ovaries mein androgen production barhta hai.
• Genetics: Agar family mein kisi ko PCOS ho to doosri aurton ko bhi risk barh jata hai.
• Chronic low-grade inflammation: Yeh bhi androgen production mein izafa karta hai.

PCOS ki Tashkhees (Diagnosis)

WHO aur international guidelines ke mutabiq PCOS ki tashkhees k liye "Rotterdam Criteria" ka use hota hai. Agar in teen mein se koi do cheezen mojood hon to PCOS ki tashkhees hoti hai:

1. Ovulation ka na hona ya irregular hona
2. Hyperandrogenism (clinical ya biochemical)
3. Ultrasound mein polycystic ovaries dikhna

Blood tests mein LH, FSH ratio, testosterone level, fasting insulin, aur glucose test karnay ka mashwara diya jata hai.

PCOS ka Ilaj (Treatment)

Ilaj ka maksad symptoms ko manage karna aur long-term complications se bachna hota hai. Har patient k ilaj mein farq hota hai lekin ye tareeqay aam tor par use hotay hain:

1. Lifestyle Modification

• Weight loss: Sirf 5–10% wazan kam karne se mahwari theek ho sakti hai.
• Healthy diet: Low-GI foods, zyada sabziyaan, whole grains aur processed sugar se parhez.
• Regular exercise: Rozana brisk walk ya aerobic exercise kam az kam 30 minutes.

2. Dawaon ka Istemaal

• Oral contraceptive pills: Mahwari ko theek karne aur androgens ko kam karne k liye.
• Metformin: Insulin resistance aur weight control mein madad karta hai.
• Clomiphene citrate ya Letrozole: Agar conception chahie to ovulation induce karne k liye.
• Spironolactone: Excess hair aur acne k liye.

3. Fertility Treatment

Agar natural ovulation na ho raha ho to assisted reproductive technologies (ART) jaise IUI ya IVF consider ki ja sakti hain.

PCOS aur Pregnancy

PCOS ki wajah se pregnancy mein kuch risk zyada hotay hain:

• Gestational diabetes
• Preeclampsia (high BP)
• Miscarriage ka risk

Is liye preconception counseling aur doctor ki regular monitoring zaroori hoti hai.

PCOS ka Asar Mental Health par

PCOS sirf physical nahi balkay emotional health ko bhi mutasir karta hai. Anxiety, depression, aur low self-esteem aam tor par dekhe gaye hain. Is liye psychological support ya therapy lena bhi faida mand ho sakta hai.

WHO aur International Guidelines

WHO aur Endocrine Society ki recommendations yeh kehti hain ke:

• Diagnosis structured criteria par honi chahiye
• Har patient ka individualized plan hona chahiye
• Lifestyle changes pe pehla focus ho
• Long-term monitoring zaroori hai (especially diabetes aur heart disease ke liye)

Conclusion

PCOS aik chronic condition hai lekin isay manage kiya ja sakta hai agar waqt par diagnosis ho jaye aur sahi lifestyle adopt kiya jaye. Agar aapko apni symptoms se mutaliq shak ho to apnay doctor se zaroor mashwara lein.

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